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Activated Alkynes in Heterocyclic Chemistry

為了解決Fluorescent green的問題，作者Medvedeva, Alevtina S.,Mareev, Alexander V. 這樣論述：

Important aspects of modern organic synthesis such as atom economy, organo- and supramolecular catalysis, metal-mediated reactions, mechanisms and processes selectivity, green chemistry approaches and microwave assistance are discussed in the context of multicomponent assembling of heterocycles from

activated alkynes. Applications in medicinal chemistry and material sciences for heterocyclic products achieved using cascade reactions above will be demonstrated. The book will be of interest to specialists and grad students in organic and element organic chemistry, coordination and biological che

mistry and will stimulate discussions and further investigations in this area of chemistry. Professor Dr. Sc., Alevtina S. Medvedeva fields of research include organic and element organic synthesis based on acetylene derivatives; chemistry of heterocyclic compounds; chemistry of heteroatomic oxoa

lkens; addition reactions to unsaturated bonds; organic and supramolecular catalysis. Key achievements include new general methods of cascade assembly of polyfunctional heterocyclic compounds based on tandem and multicomponent reactions of heteroatomic α,β-acetylenic carbonyl compounds with nucleoph

iles that do not require metal catalysis. Development of new, effective synthetic methods of unknown or difficult to access, important heterocycles: functionalized imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines, pyrroles, 1,2,3-triazoles, 1,2-isoxazoles, pyrazoles, 2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-diazepines, heterocyclic azidonitramin

es, acetylene 1,2-dihydropyridines, 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2-(1H)-ones, 4H-pyran-2,6-dicarbaldehydes, 1,3,4- oxadiazoles, 1,3-dioxolanes, 1,3-thiazolidines, nitronyl nitroxides. Design of modern green approaches involving the reactions in water using heterogeneous and reusable supramolecular catalyst

s such as cyclodextrins or chitosan, microwave assistance, atom economy are preferable for the cascade synthesis of target heterocycles. High-performance, resource-economy technologies for the synthesis of non-steroidal medicines, possessing anti-inflammatory, pain-relieving and anti-pyretic effects

, that are Piroxicam and Meloxicam, have been developed. New water soluble bioconjugate piroxicam--arabinogalactan sulfate and mechanocomposites of piroxicam with inorganic oxides or chitosan with improved solubility in water and biological activity have been prepared. Alexander V. Mareev graduated

from Irkutsk State University, Chemistry Department in 2001 and then got a post graduate degree of Candidate of Chemical Sciences (PhD analogue) in 2004 at A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry. His research interests include: development of new highly efficient domino reactions to assemble

polyfunctional heterocyclic compounds based on silicon (germanium) containing propynals or their carbon analogues and 1,3-N, N-binucleophiles; chemical design of complicated heterocyclic systems with pharmacophore functions under biomimetic conditions; investigation of the rate and selectivity contr

ol of the domino reactions and self-assembling processes under microwave assistance and organic or supramolecular catalysis; search of new heterocyclic compounds that could be used as templates for organic synthesis, as fluorescent biomarkers, perspective materials for the optoelectronics and new ef

ficient medicinal drugs.

Fluorescent green進入發燒排行的影片

利用焙燒暨酸浸法從廢棄LED晶粒中回收鎵金屬資源

為了解決Fluorescent green的問題，作者吳德懷 這樣論述：

LED是發光二極體(Light Emitting Diode)的簡稱。由於LED燈具有節能、無汞等特性，在照明市場之需求日益增加，LED在許多領域已經取代了傳統光源(白熾燈、螢光燈等)。LED燈之高效率白光照明主要是由LED晶粒中氮化鎵(GaN)半導體所產生。隨著LED市場的擴大，未來將產生大量的LED廢棄物。因此，回收廢棄LED中所含的鎵金屬資源對於資源的可持續利用和環境保護都具有重要意義。本研究以廢棄LED燈珠為對象，利用焙燒與酸浸法從其LED晶粒中回收鎵金屬資源，主要包括三個部分：化學組成分析、氟化鈉焙燒處理與酸溶浸漬等。探討各項實驗因子包括焙燒溫度、焙燒時間、礦鹼比、酸浸漬種類及濃度

、浸漬時間、及浸漬固液比等，對於鎵金屬浸漬率之影響，並與各文獻方法所得到的鎵金屬浸漬效果進行比較。研究結果顯示，LED晶粒中含有鎵5.21 wt.%，氟化鈉焙燒暨酸溶浸漬之最佳條件為焙燒溫度900 ℃、焙燒時間3hr、礦鹼比1:6.95、鹽酸浸漬濃度0.5 M、浸漬溫度25 ℃、浸漬時間10mins、固液比2.86 g/L，鎵金屬浸漬率為98.4%。與各文獻方法相比較，本方法可於相對低溫且常壓下獲得較高之鎵金屬浸漬效果。

Applied Molecular Biotechnology: The Next Generation of Genetic Engineering

為了解決Fluorescent green的問題，作者 這樣論述：

Applied Molecular Biotechnology: The Next Generation of Genetic Engineering explains state-of-the-art advances in the rapidly developing area of molecular biotechnology, the technology of the new millennium. Comprised of chapters authored by leading experts in their respective fields, this authorita

tive reference text: Highlights the latest omics-based tools and approaches used in modern biotechnologyExplains how various molecular biology technologies can be used to develop transgenic plants and how those plants can meet growing food and plant-derived product demandsDiscusses chloroplast gene

expression systems, mitochondrial omics, plant functional genomics, and whole-genome resequencing for crop improvementExplores plant-microbe and plant-insect interactions affecting plant protection and productivityCovers animal models, pharmacogenomics, human tissue banking, and the molecular diagno

sis of diseases such as cervical cancer, obesity, and diabetesExamines the molecular aspects of viral diseases, production of industrial commodities using viral biotechnology, and biotechnological uses of magnetic nanoparticlesDescribes the use of biotechnology in the food, chemical, pharmaceutical,

environmental conservation, and renewable energy sectorsApplied Molecular Biotechnology: The Next Generation of Genetic Engineering serves as a springboard for new discoveries in molecular biology and its applications. Thus, this book is an invaluable resource for students and researchers of molecu

lar biotechnology. Muhammad Sarwar Khan is a highly regarded molecular biologist who has made colossal contributions in the field of chloroplast genetic engineering, and is a pioneer in expressing oxygen-loving green fluorescent protein from jellyfish in chloroplasts--plant organelles with reduced

environments. He also pioneered plastid transformation in rice and sugarcane, recalcitrant plant species. Dr. Khan has developed borer-resistant transgenic sugarcane plants with no toxin residues in the juice. Dr. Khan has supervised more than 100 students at the master’s and PhD levels. His curren

t research involves edible-marker-carrying transgenics, cost-effective therapeutics, edible vaccines, and plantomics. Dr. Khan is presently director of the Center of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology at the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Iqrar Ahmad Khan has had a long ca

reer in education and agriculture. He has established or cofounded centers for the study of agriculture and food security throughout the world, released a potato variety (PARS-70), pioneered research on breeding seedless Kinnow, discovered new botanical varieties of wheat, and initiated a program to

cure witches’-broom disease of lime in Oman. Dr. Khan is currently leading international projects to combat citrus greening disease and mango sudden death. He has been instrumental in helping UAF to achieve top ranks within the national, QS, and NTU systems.Debmalya Barh is a biotechnologist with d

ecades of experience in integrative omics applied to translational research, and is the founder of the Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology, Nonakuri, India. Dr. Barh has authored more than 150 publications, edited several globally published omics-related reference books, and ser

ved as a reviewer for many prestigious international journals. As a result of his significant contributions in promoting research and development usin

異質元素摻雜還原氧化石墨烯電極於儲能裝置之應用研究

為了解決Fluorescent green的問題，作者古安銘 這樣論述：

儲能技術超級電容器的出現為儲能行業的發展提供了巨大的潛力和顯著的優勢。碳基材料，尤其是石墨烯，由於具有蜂窩狀晶格，在儲能應用中備受關注，因其非凡的導電導熱性、彈性、透明性和高比表面積而備受關注，使其成為最重要的儲能材料之一。石墨烯基超級電容器的高能量密度和優異的電/電化學性能的製造是開發大功率能源最緊迫的挑戰之一。在此，我們描述了生產石墨烯基儲能材料的兩種方法，並研究了所製備材料作為超級電容器裝置的電極材料的儲能性能。第一，我們開發了一種新穎、經濟且直接的方法來合成柔性和導電的 還原氧化石墨烯和還原氧化石墨烯/多壁奈米碳管複合薄膜。通過三電極系統，在一些強鹼水性電解質，如 氫氧化鉀、清氧化鋰

和氫氧化鈉中，研究加入多壁奈米碳管對還原氧化石墨烯/多壁奈米碳管複合薄膜電化學性能的影響。通過循環伏安法 (CV)、恆電流充放電 (GCD) 和電化學阻抗譜 (EIS) 探測薄膜的超級電容器行為。通過 X 射線衍射儀 (XRD)、拉曼光譜儀、表面積分析儀 (BET)、熱重分析 (TGA)、場發射掃描電子顯微鏡 (FESEM) 和穿透電子顯微鏡 (TEM) 對薄膜的結構和形態進行研究. 用 10 wt% 多壁奈米碳管(GP10C) 合成的還原氧化石墨烯/多壁奈米碳管薄膜表現出 200 Fg-1 的高比電容，15000 次循環測試後保持92%的比電容，小弛豫時間常數（~194 ms）和在2M氫氧化

鉀電解液中的高擴散係數 (7.8457×10−9 cm2s-1)。此外，以 GP10C 作為陽極和陰極，使用 2M氫氧化鉀作為電解質的對稱超級電容器鈕扣電容在電流密度為 0.1 Ag-1 時表現出 19.4 Whkg-1 的高能量密度和 439Wkg-1 的功率密度，以及良好的循環穩定性:在，0.3 Ag-1 下，10000 次循環後，保持85%的比電容。第二，我們合成了一種簡單、環保、具有成本效益的異質元素（氮、磷和氟）共摻雜氧化石墨烯（NPFG）。通過水熱功能化和冷凍乾燥方法將氧化石墨烯進行還原。此材料具有高比表面積和層次多孔結構。我們廣泛研究了不同元素摻雜對合成的還原氧化石墨烯的儲能性能

的影響。在相同條件下測量比電容，顯示出比第一種方法生產的材料更好的超級電容。以最佳量的五氟吡啶和植酸 (PA) 合成的氮、磷和氟共摻雜石墨烯 (NPFG-0.3) 表現出更佳的比電容（0.5 Ag-1 時為 319 Fg-1），具有良好的倍率性能、較短的弛豫時間常數 (τ = 28.4 ms) 和在 6M氫氧化鉀水性電解質中較高的電解陽離子擴散係數 (Dk+ = 8.8261×10-9 cm2 s–1)。在還原氧化石墨烯模型中提供氮、氟和磷原子替換的密度泛函理論 (DFT) 計算結果可以將能量值 (GT) 從 -673.79 eV 增加到 -643.26 eV，展示了原子級能量如何提高與電解質

的電化學反應。NPFG-0.3 相對於 NFG、PG 和純 還原氧化石墨烯的較佳性能主要歸因於電子/離子傳輸現象的平衡良好的快速動力學過程。我們設計的對稱鈕扣超級電容器裝置使用 NPFG-0.3 作為陽極和陰極，在 1M 硫酸鈉水性電解質中的功率密度為 716 Wkg-1 的功率密度時表現出 38 Whkg-1 的高能量密度和在 6M氫氧化鉀水性電解質中，24 Whkg-1 的能量密度下有499 Wkg-1的功率密度。簡便的合成方法和理想的電化學結果表明，合成的 NPFG-0.3 材料在未來超級電容器應用中具有很高的潛力。