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Varieties of Spoken French

為了解決pour pronunciation的問題，作者Detey, Sylvain (EDT)/ Durand, Jacques (EDT)/ Laks, Bernard (EDT) 這樣論述：

This book examines the variation found in modern spoken French, based on the research programme 'Phonology of Contemporary French' (Phonologie du Francais Contemporain, PFC). Extensive data are drawn from all over the French-speaking world, including Algeria, Canada, Louisiana, Mauritius, and Switze

rland. Although the principal focus is on differences in pronunciation, the authors also analyse the spoken language at all levels from sound to meaning. The book is accompanied by a website hosting audio-visual material for teaching purposes, data, and a variety of tools for working with corpora. T

he first part of the book outlines some key concepts and approaches to the description of spoken French. Chapters in Part II are devoted to the study of individual samples of spoken French from all over the world, covering phonological and grammatical features as well as lexical and cultural aspects

. The book's companion website provides a class-friendly ready-to-use multimedia version of these 17 chapters, as well as the sound files and full transcription for each extract. Part III looks at inter and intra-speaker variation: it begins with chapters that provide the methodological background t

o the study of phonological variation using databases, while in the second section authors present case studies of a number of PFC survey points, including Paris, the Central African Republic, and Quebec. Varieties of Spoken French will be an invaluable resource for researchers, teachers, and studen

ts of all aspects of French language and linguistics. Sylvain Detey, Professor of Applied Linguistics and French Studies, Waseda University, Jacques Durand, Emeritus Professor of Linguistics, University of Toulouse Jean Jaures, Bernard Laks, Professor of Linguistics, University of Paris Ouest Nan

terre La Defense, Chantal Lyche, Professor of FrenchLinguistics, University of OsloSylvain Detey is Professor of Applied Linguistics and French Studies at Waseda University, and was formerly Maitre de Conferences at the University of Rouen. His current research interests lie in the use of oral corpo

ra for language education and the role of variation and multimodality in second language phonology acquisition. He is one of the coordinators of the research project Phonology of Contemporary French (Phonologie du Francais Contemporain, PFC) and co-editor of Les varietes du francais parle dans l’esp

ace francophone. Ressources pour l’enseignement (2010). Jacques Durand is Emeritus Professor of Linguistics at the University of Toulouse - Jean Jaures and an Emeritus Member of the Institut Universitaire de France. His extensive publications are mainly in phonology (general and as applied to Englis

h and French). He is the co-founder of the PFC research project, editor of the OUP series ’The Phonology of the World’s Languages’ and co-editor of The Oxford Handbook of Corpus Phonology (OUP 2014). Bernard Laks is Professor of Linguistics at the University of Paris Ouest Nanterre La Defense (Resea

rch Laboratory MoDyCo UMR 7114) and a Member of the Institut Universitaire de France. Until 2012, he was Vice President (Research) of that university and formerly a researcher at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS). His research and extensive publications mainly address phonology

, formal and cognitive linguistics, the history of linguistics, and cognitive sciences. He is the co-founder of the PFC research project. Chantal Lyche is Professor of French Linguistics at the University of Oslo. She has published widely on French phonology and is the co-founder of the PFC research

project. Her research has focused most recently on varieties of French spoken outside France, particularly in Switzerland, Louisiana, Mauritius, and Africa. She is the co-author of a standard textbook on the phonology of French and is actively involved in the teaching of French as a foreign languag

e.

pour pronunciation進入發燒排行的影片

數位故事創作中教師回饋對高/低成就學生的影響：口語表達、情緒經驗、觀感

為了解決pour pronunciation的問題，作者CYNTHIA AYU PURNOMO 這樣論述：

個別化學習在世界各地廣受歡迎，因為此學習模式滿足學習者的個別需求並改善他們的學習。因此，在學習中需要考慮社會、情感和認知方面的個別差異（Ellis，2004）。教師回饋為促進個別化學習的有效方法之一，因為是針對個別學習者的認知和情感差異所提供的個別化回饋，因此個別化回饋也被認為有助於以英語為外語的學習（EFL, English as a foreign language）。然而，很少研究透過教師回饋來探討個別化學習的重要性，尤其是口語能力。此外，只有少數研究探討學生的情緒和對回饋的看法如何影響他們的學習表現。另外，雖然數位故事創作有其優勢，但卻鮮少此議題的研究。因此，本研究旨在探討數位故事創

作中教師回饋對EFL學生的影響，特別聚焦高低成就學生之間的口語表達、情緒經驗、與觀感。本研究設計採用混合研究方法，從數位說故事的前後測和問卷調查（自陳式情緒經驗量表與教師回饋反思）中收集資料，研究對象為亞洲大學人文社會學院的56名大學生組成，包括幼兒教育、社會工作、外國語文等學系。受試者先進行故事書書評活動以作為前測，以此為依據將學生分為高低成就兩組。接著學生使用Book Creator進行故事創作，研究者每週於課堂中給予學生故事創作方面的回饋，學生於此學習活動的表現視為後測。接著學生完成情緒經驗量表和反思問卷以瞭解學生在數位故事創作過程中的情緒經驗和對教師回饋的觀感。此外，研究者亦自我省思以

驗證教師回饋的成效。研究結果顯示教師回饋顯著提升學生的口語表現，尤其是低成就學生。在情緒經驗方面，兩組學生皆體驗到正向情緒，尤其是高成就學生在數位故事創作中明顯感受到更多的正向情緒，兩組學生在負向情緒方面則無顯著差異，顯示兩組學生亦感受到如害怕等的負面情緒。學生反思結果顯示低成就學生比高成就學生更需要教師回饋，尤其是圖像選擇與安排方面的建議。研究者自我省思則指出教師回饋多聚焦於故事內容架構與圖像選擇，另外，教師正面鼓勵激勵學生有更好的表現。這項研究為未來個別化教師回饋與情感因素（如情緒與觀感）開啟研究契機。

Varieties of Spoken French

為了解決pour pronunciation的問題，作者Detey, Sylvain (EDT)/ Durand, Jacques (EDT)/ Laks, Bernard (EDT) 這樣論述：

This book examines the variation found in modern spoken French, based on the research programme 'Phonology of Contemporary French' (Phonologie du Francais Contemporain, PFC). Extensive data are drawn from all over the French-speaking world, including Algeria, Canada, Louisiana, Mauritius, and Switze

rland. Although the principal focus is on differences in pronunciation, the authors also analyse the spoken language at all levels from sound to meaning. The book is accompanied by a website hosting audio-visual material for teaching purposes, data, and a variety of tools for working with corpora. T

he first part of the book outlines some key concepts and approaches to the description of spoken French. Chapters in Part II are devoted to the study of individual samples of spoken French from all over the world, covering phonological and grammatical features as well as lexical and cultural aspects

. The book's companion website provides a class-friendly ready-to-use multimedia version of these 17 chapters, as well as the sound files and full transcription for each extract. Part III looks at inter and intra-speaker variation: it begins with chapters that provide the methodological background t

o the study of phonological variation using databases, while in the second section authors present case studies of a number of PFC survey points, including Paris, the Central African Republic, and Quebec. Varieties of Spoken French will be an invaluable resource for researchers, teachers, and studen

ts of all aspects of French language and linguistics. Sylvain Detey, Professor of Applied Linguistics and French Studies, Waseda University, Jacques Durand, Emeritus Professor of Linguistics, University of Toulouse Jean Jaures, Bernard Laks, Professor of Linguistics, University of Paris Ouest Nan

terre La Defense, Chantal Lyche, Professor of FrenchLinguistics, University of OsloSylvain Detey is Professor of Applied Linguistics and French Studies at Waseda University, and was formerly Maitre de Conferences at the University of Rouen. His current research interests lie in the use of oral corpo

ra for language education and the role of variation and multimodality in second language phonology acquisition. He is one of the coordinators of the research project Phonology of Contemporary French (Phonologie du Francais Contemporain, PFC) and co-editor of Les varietes du francais parle dans l’esp

ace francophone. Ressources pour l’enseignement (2010). Jacques Durand is Emeritus Professor of Linguistics at the University of Toulouse - Jean Jaures and an Emeritus Member of the Institut Universitaire de France. His extensive publications are mainly in phonology (general and as applied to Englis

h and French). He is the co-founder of the PFC research project, editor of the OUP series ’The Phonology of the World’s Languages’ and co-editor of The Oxford Handbook of Corpus Phonology (OUP 2014). Bernard Laks is Professor of Linguistics at the University of Paris Ouest Nanterre La Defense (Resea

rch Laboratory MoDyCo UMR 7114) and a Member of the Institut Universitaire de France. Until 2012, he was Vice President (Research) of that university and formerly a researcher at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS). His research and extensive publications mainly address phonology

, formal and cognitive linguistics, the history of linguistics, and cognitive sciences. He is the co-founder of the PFC research project. Chantal Lyche is Professor of French Linguistics at the University of Oslo. She has published widely on French phonology and is the co-founder of the PFC research

project. Her research has focused most recently on varieties of French spoken outside France, particularly in Switzerland, Louisiana, Mauritius, and Africa. She is the co-author of a standard textbook on the phonology of French and is actively involved in the teaching of French as a foreign languag

e.

虛擬實境應用於臺灣學生進行泰語語序學習之成效

為了解決pour pronunciation的問題，作者譚華德 這樣論述：

泰語具有獨特的拼寫系統及文法規則，有別於中英文的文法語序規則，致使學習的難度大幅增加。而過去研究也指出外語的文法語序學習是最困難的外語學習任務之一，伴隨科技的蓬勃發展，新興科技已被廣泛地應用於外語學習中。故在本研究藉由多國語言虛擬學習評量系統來幫助泰語學習者進行文法語序學習。為達研究目的，本研究邀請北部地區某一國立大學進修推廣中心修習泰語課程的學習者參與研究，進行5週的教學實驗，並於實驗結束後一個月進行語序學習保留率的測驗，共蒐集84份有效資料。本研究所使用的數據資料經由問卷與訪談蒐集而得。而研究結果發現：泰語自我效能對於語序學習保留率及VR學習價值、語序學習保留率對於VR學習價值與持續使用

意願、VR學習價值對於持續使用意願，皆具有正影響；而泰語語言焦慮對於語序學習保留率及VR學習價值則具有負影響。另外，從訪談分析結果可見，參與者對於泰語具有積極的學習動機，並且對於使用虛擬科技作為泰語學習工具具有高度的持續使用意願及肯定它的教育價值。關於不同性別參與者對於泰語自我效能及泰語語言焦慮的感知，具有顯著差異，且不同學習經驗參與者對於泰語自我效能的感知及語序學習保留率亦具有顯著差異。最後，研究結果歸納出泰語學習者的學習動機主要為跨文化交流，而泰文學習困難之處則包含字母發音、字彙拼寫及語序結構。同時，本研究也確認基於虛擬實境的學習系統有助於提升泰語學習者的學習興趣及泰語語序的知能。因此，本

研究建議，教學者可借助虛擬科技幫助成年語言學習者進行語序學習，藉此促進他們培養更良好的語言能力。